Sunday, May 17, 2020

The Formation Of Copper And Oil Deposits Essay - 1117 Words

Gas and oil deposits are typically found inside sedimentary rocks because of decomposing plants and animals trapped in layers of rocks. These rocks being usually consisting of clay pieces, sand, and mud. These rocks are layered and deposited on sediment layers. The remains of small organic materials such as zooplankton and algae form petroleum. Vast quantities of these remains settled to sea or lake bottoms, mixing with sediments and being buried under anoxic conditions. The heat and pressure over millions of years have turned the mud to rock and the organic materials to petroleum. The formation of petroleum occurs in two steps. The first step is Diagenesis, the second step is Catagenesis. Diagenesis is the process of compaction on the low pressure and temperature conditions. This process includes any chemical, physical, and biological changes in sediments after the initial formation. However, the result of weathering and metamorphism is not considered. The organic materials contain proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates and they are rich in water. When they are deposited, as a result of chemical reaction, microbial action, and compaction the water is forced out and the proteins and carbohydrates are broken down to form waxy substances called â€Å"kerogen† and â€Å"bitumen†. Catagenesis is thermal degradation of kerogen due to increase in temperature in deeper burials. Catagenesis or cracking will turn the kerogen to hydrocarbon chains. Gas and oil is found underground trapped insideShow MoreRelatedThe Cook Inlet Basin : Location And Extent1431 Words   |  6 PagesYetter, Drew J., Cook Inlet Basin Location and Extent: The Cook Inlet Basin is located in the south central part of Alaska, and stretches roughly 180 miles from the Gulf of Alaska to Anchorage. (Figure 1) This basin includes Susitna and Copper River basins in the north and the Shelikov Straight to the southwest. The watershed of this inlet covers around 100,000 km2 in southern Alaska, east of the Aleutian Mountain Range, receiving water from four main tributaries, the Knit, Little Susitna, SusitnaRead MoreThe Geology Of The Peninsular Terrane1277 Words   |  6 Pagesout along a ~400-km-long, NE-striking belt within the Kahiltna basin (Fig. 1). They are mainly flysch deposits inter-preted to have been derived primarily from the igneous rocks of the Peninsular terrane to the southeast, with local contri-butions from the Triassic Chilikadrotna Greenstones to the northwest (Wallace et al., 1989; Wilson et al., 2006). The Peninsular terrane is a Triassic to Jurassic island-arc complex that was accreted to the North American craton by the Early Cretaceous (DettermanRead MoreThe Peninsular Terrane And Jurassic Island Arc Complex1722 Words   |  7 PagesEarly Cretaceous (Box, 1985). The Peninsular and Togiak terranes are separated by the Farewell terrane (Fig. 1) that contains a Lower Paleozoic through Lower Cretaceous continental margin sequence of sedimentary rocks (Decker et al., 1994). Flysch deposits of the Lower to Upper Cretaceous Kuskokwim Group uncon-formably overlie rocks of the Farewell and Togiak terranes and were structurally emplaced over the Kahiltna assemblage (Wallace et al., 1989; Decker et al., 1994). Cretaceous to Paleogene igneousRead MoreCorrosion and Its Prevention1677 Words   |  7 Pagesrusts five times faster in winter as it does in summer. 4) Contact with a less reactive metal Consider iron and copper plates joined together and put in water containing dissolved oxygen. Iron loses electrons more readily than copper. Hence iron forms the anode and copper the cathode of an electrochemical cell. In this case, iron rusts even more quickly than when there was no copper.   5) Other factors Other factors that speed up rusting include the presence of sharply pointed regions in the ironRead MoreEssay on History of Chemistry and Technology846 Words   |  4 PagesIt forms sulfides with a number of metals. It is used in the production of some medicines, rubbers and fungicidal products. Sulfur is found on Earth in what are called sulfur beds, or deposits. Besides being found in its pure form, sulfur-containing compounds are found in oil, natural gas and in some rock formations which contain carbon and other materials. Sulfuric acid is a viscous, colorless, very corrosive acid. Concentrated sulphuric acid contains 2% water. It is a very strong oxidizing agentRead MoreSufficient Homemade Air Conditioner4228 Words   |  17 Pagestubes, a copper tube, a cooler , zippies and an ordinary electric fan that has already been used. 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Although the oil and gas industry is detrimental to the environment, it is a necessity to the life the majority of Canadians take for granted and the notion that we can simply turn off the oil spigot andRead MoreNotes On Rock Fracture Density And Permeability1889 Words   |  8 Pagesmicrometers. The connectedness of a fracture network is strongly dependent on the spatial density of fractures in a rock which can be quantified at the surface through detailed mapping or through the subsurface by seismic travel times [2]. The Antmania copper-zinc mine is located 100 km southwest of the Ocelot lease area and is the closest mine to our location. Hydrogeological research done at Antamina has revealed an average permea bility value of 10-6m/s to 10-7m/s with local bedrock units also displayingRead MoreCrude Oil - Research on Products of Crude Oil and Waste Processes2233 Words   |  9 PagesCRUDE OIL Crude oil is a flammable liquid found in subterranean deposits and best known for its use as a fuel and as a raw material for chemical products. It was originally created from the remains of animals and plants that lived in a water environment. Millions of years ago, much of the earth was covered by seas- more than it is today. Countless millions of tiny creatures and plants lived in these seas. When they died they sank to the bottom, and as the years passed more and more piled up onRead MoreCrude Oil And Its Impact On The World s Economy Essay1887 Words   |  8 Pages1. Crude oil, also known as Petroleum, is a liquid that is found and pumped from the rock formations in the ground. Crude Oil is in the not refined form, and refined into gasoline, heating oil, diesel, kerosene and various products. It is usually found in Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, America, and in Russia. 2. A. The Crude Oil was first discovered during the Industrial Revolution, which happened between the late 1700s and early 1800s. After its discovery in the 19th century it was started to be used

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